A Guide for Pet Parents

As responsible rabbit owners, we all love treating our furry friends with a tasty snack. However, a rabbit’s digestive system is extremely delicate. While we often picture bunnies happily munching on carrots and lettuce all day, feeding them the wrong foods can lead to severe health issues, including fatal gastrointestinal stasis.

To help keep your bunny safe and healthy, here is a list of foods rabbits should never eat.

1. Iceberg Lettuce

A fresh head of napa cabbage covered in water droplets rests on a wooden table outdoors.

While rabbits love leafy greens, iceberg lettuce should be strictly avoided. It contains a chemical called lactucarium, which can be harmful to rabbits in large quantities. Furthermore, iceberg lettuce is mostly water and lacks nutritional value, often leading to severe diarrhea.

Safe alternative: Dark leafy greens like romaine lettuce, kale, and cilantro (in moderation).

2. Allium Vegetables (Onions, Garlic, Leeks, and Chives)

A large head of cabbage, three onions, a bulb of garlic with cloves, chives, and leeks are arranged on a wooden table.

Onions, garlic, and their relatives contain compounds that can damage a rabbit’s red blood cells, leading to a dangerous condition called hemolytic anemia. Never feed your rabbit cooked or raw alliums, and avoid foods containing onion or garlic powder.

3. Chocolate and Sweets

A marble board holds a rich assortment of colorful French macarons, chocolate truffles, and fruit jellies dusted with sugar.

It goes without saying that candy, cookies, and chocolate are toxic to rabbits. Chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, both of which are lethal to rabbits. High-sugar foods also disrupt the delicate balance of good bacteria in a rabbit’s gut, which can quickly become fatal.

4. Avocado

An avocado cut in half, revealing its pit, rests on a wooden cutting board.

Avocados are delicious, but they are a total no-go for rabbits. The entire avocado plant—including the fruit, skin, pit, and leaves—contains a fungicidal toxin called persin. Ingesting avocado can lead to heart failure and respiratory distress in rabbits.

5. Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes, and Corn

A wooden basket filled with sweet potatoes, regular potatoes, and ears of corn sits on a wooden table outdoors with a crop field in the background.

Starchy and high-carbohydrate vegetables are very difficult for rabbits to digest. Foods like potatoes, sweet potatoes, yams, and corn can cause a dangerous buildup of gas and harmful bacteria in the cecum. Avoid grain-based treats (like crackers and bread) for the same reason.

6. Rhubarb

Freshly harvested rhubarb stalks with large green leaves rest on a wet wooden table outdoors.

Rhubarb is toxic to many animals, including rabbits. Both the leaves and the stalks contain high levels of oxalic acid and anthraquinones, which can cause severe poisoning, kidney damage, and even death.

7. Nuts and Seeds

Three wooden bowls filled with pumpkin seeds, a mix of almonds and walnuts, and chia seeds sit on a dark slate surface scattered with extra seeds and nuts.

While they might seem like a natural treat, nuts and seeds are far too high in fat for a herbivore’s digestive system. Additionally, hard seeds and pits pose a severe choking hazard and can cause intestinal blockages.

8. Houseplants and Garden Flowers

Sunlight streams through large windows into a greenhouse filled with potted plants, including vibrant pink roses, white daisies, and trailing green vines on wooden shelves.

Many common houseplants and flowers are poisonous to rabbits. Never let your bunny nibble on plants like tulips, lilies, ivy, poinsettias, or tomato plants. Always research plant toxicity before allowing your rabbit free-roam access in a new room or garden.

The Golden Rule of Rabbit Nutrition

A healthy rabbit’s diet should consist primarily of unlimited grass hay (like Timothy hay), a daily portion of fresh water, a measured amount of high-quality pellets, and occasional, bite-sized portions of fresh leafy greens and safe vegetables.

If you suspect your rabbit has eaten something toxic, monitor them closely for signs of lethargy, refusal to eat, or bloating, and contact an exotic animal veterinarian immediately.